宾语从句知识梳理:1.在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)HeaskshimhowlongMik
宾语从句
知识梳理:
1.在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)
HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语)
MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)
2.宾语从句的引导词有三类:
(1)以that引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句,that可以省略。eg,Theradiosays(that)thecloudswillliftlateron.
Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.
(2)以连接代词which,what,who等或连接副词how,where,why等引导的宾语从句,从句是陈述语序
eg,Couldyoutellmewhat’sthematterwithu?
Iwanttoknowhowsoonitwillbegin.
(3)以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序
eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.
3.宾语从句的时态
(1)当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时,从句可用所需要的任何时态。eg,Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.
Youaretellingmethatyouwon’tstopuntiltomorrow?
(2)当主句为一般过去时态时,从句要用于过去有关的时态。
eg,TheyaskedwhatJeanwasdoingnow.
Lindasaidthatthetrainhadleft.
(3)当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时,宾语从句要使用一般现在时。
eg,Lisaaskedwhetherlighttravelsfasterthansound.
Pollysaidnonewsisagoodnews
注意:一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外。
1.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if
eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe’llgoonthepinic.
2.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时,只用whether.
eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.
Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?
3.if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,这时不能用whether.
eg,Youcan’tworktheplanoutifyoudon’thavethemeeting.
例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!
1.Theteacheraskedthestudents________.
A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaurs
B.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn
C.whattheywilldowiththecomputers
D.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted
解析:宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序,答案B首先删去,主句一般过去式,从句要用于过去有关的时态,删去答案C和D,答案A中的if意为如果.
应选A
2.Couldyoutellme_______?
A.whatthematteriswithyou
B.whatwasthematterwithyou
C.hat’sthematterwithyou
D.what’sthewrongwithyou.
解析:what就是从句的主语,what’sthematterwithyou本身就是陈述语序,因此删掉A;主句可看作是委婉的请求,并是一般过去式,可删去答案B;wrong前不用加the,因此此题选C.
3.Heaskedme_______Icouldsingthesong“MyHeartwillGoOn.”
A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.that
解析:此句应选含有疑问意思的关系代词,故删去D;weather意为天气,根据句意应选A.
4.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoon_________roundtheearth.
A.wentB.turnedC.goD.turns
解析:从句是一个客观真理,因此从句的时态不受主句影响。应选D
5.Itmakesnodifference__________.
A.whetherwillyoucometomorrow.
B.Whetherornotwillbepasstheexam
C.Ifhewillcometothemeetingornot
D.Whetherhewillcometothemeetingornot
解析:答案A和B从句不是陈述语序先删掉,if不能与not连用。因此此题选D.
6.Theydon’tknow_______theirparentsare.
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which
解析:what表示职业,因此选B.
7.Iamsure_______yousaidistrue.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who
解析:根据句意应用what,做said的内容,你所说的话。应选A.
8.Theoldmantoldus_______and________.
A.todowhat,todohow
B.whattodoit,howtodoit
C.whattodo,howtodoit
D.whattodo,howtodo
解析:疑问词what即连接不定式,又做do的宾语;而在how引导的不定式短语中,how表示方式,do为及物动词,因此需接宾语才正确应选C.
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